US food safety takes yet another hit

The US Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) has hammered another nail into the coffin that holds the remains of the US food safety system.

The FSIS has run away from its proposed rule to limit Salmonella contamination in raw poultry, bowing to opposition from the US poultry industry. The notice of withdrawal appeared in the April 25, 2025 issue of the Federal Register.

The proposed rule, which had been in the works for three years and was published in the Federal Register on August 7, 2024, would have defined as adulterated raw chicken carcasses, chicken parts, comminuted chicken, and comminuted turkey products contaminated with certain Salmonella levels and serotypes.

The August 2024 proposal represented nothing more than a first baby step toward controlling Salmonella in raw poultry in the US, focusing primarily on just five of the more than 2400 known serotypes, and only requiring action on other serotypes if they are present at a concentration of more than 10 viable microbes per gram or milliliter of sample.

Compare this to countries such as France, where the presence in raw poultry at any level of any Salmonella serotype is grounds for a recall.

Is this reversal of a proposed minimal control over Salmonella in raw poultry a precursor to the abandonment of other regulatory policies relating to microbiological adulteration of raw meats and poultry?

  • Will FSIS withdraw its rule limiting Salmonella in raw, breaded poultry products?
  • Will FSIS withdraw its rule declaring E. coli O157:H7 and several other shiga toxin-producing E. coli serotypes to be adulterants in raw meat?
  • Will FSIS withdraw its rule mandating HACCP-style food safety programs in the meat and poultry industry?

I hope not.

Here is a list of some of the other steps reported to have been taken by the FDA in the administration’s quest to deregulate food safety and decimate accumulated decades of expertise in the agency.

  • Communications teams at the FDA—CUT
  • FOIA response teams at the FDA—CUT
  • FDA milk quality testing program—CUT
  • Responsibility for FDA routine inspections likely to be shifted to individual states—whether or not the states have the budget or the expertise to carry the inspections out according to FDA requirements
  • FDA’s laboratory proficiency testing program—SUSPENDED
  • FDA research into methods for detecting bird flu in milk, cheese, and pet foods—CUT
  • Personnel at two FDA labs—Moffett Lab in Chicago and the Alameda lab in the San Francisco area—were fired; some have been rehired after it was determined they were fired in error.

Meanwhile, the FDA is investigating two new outbreaks of Salmonella Enteritidis infections, totaling 72 cases so far. The source(s) of the outbreaks have not yet been determined; however, Salmonella Enteritidis is a common contaminant in raw poultry and raw eggs. If eggs from Turkey are the source, will we ever be told?


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Chapter 6. Birth of a Pathogen

Boar’s Head shutters Jarratt plant ‘indefinitely’

Boar’s Head Provisions Co., Inc. has announced its intention to ‘indefinitely close’ its Jarratt production location. The announcement was posted yesterday (September 13, 2024) on the company’s website.

The company initially suspended production after receiving a Notice of Suspension from the USDA on July 26, 2024.

Liverwurst manufactured at the Jarratt location was identified as the probable source of a deadly outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes, which has sent 57 people to hospital, killing nine of them, according to the most recent update from the CDC, posted on August 28, 2024.

The Jarratt plant is one of five Boar’s Head production facilities registered with the USDA’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS). The other four facilities have not been implicated in this outbreak.

According to the company’s announcement, an investigation “identified the root cause of the contamination as a specific production process that only existed at the Jarratt facility and was used only for liverwurst.”

As a result, Boar’s Head also has decided to permanently discontinue production of liverwurst.

The FSIS Notice of Suspension highlighted multiple findings of product adulteration and unsanitary conditions, including:

  • Listeria monocytogenes outbreak strain was recovered from an unopened package of Boar’s Head liverwurst by the Maryland Department of Health
  • Listeria monocytogenes outbreak strain was recovered from the surface of a pallet jack during production of Beechwood Ham. The environmental swab sample was collected as part of the FSIS Intensified Verification Testing as part of the outbreak investigtion.
  • Beaded condensation on door opening and inside blast cell dripping over nine trees (ie., support racks) of Beechwood Hams
  • Clear liquid falling from a patch in the ceiling within ten feet of a fan that was blowing the liquid into an area where nine trees of Assorted Hams were stored.

The Jarratt location relied solely upon its Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures and sanitation program to control the risk of Listeria monocytogenes contamination. The FSIS determined that the recovery of Listeria monocytogenes from both a finished product and an environmental sample demonstrated the inadequacy of the company’s control methods.

The Notice of Suspension summarized the FSIS’s conclusions as follows:

The wholesomeness of your product is directly dependent on the design and implementation of your sanitation program, adequate Listeria monocytogenes control measures and overall maintenance of your facility, including the sanitary procedures conducted in your food production. Evidence demonstrates failure to comply with regulatory requirements identified in 9 CFR 416, including SPS and SSOP requirements, as outlined above. Findings result in FSIS being unable to conclude that sanitary conditions are being maintained, resulting in your establishment’s producing and shipping adulterated product. As such, product may have been prepared, packed, or held under insanitary conditions, whereby product may have become contaminated with filth or whereby product may have been rendered injurious to health, rendering the product adulterated.

In it’s September 13th announcement, the company revealed the measures it is taking to implement “enhanced food safety and quality measures.” Specifically,

  • Appointing a new Chief Food Safety & Quality Assurance Officer, to report directly to the president of the company.
  • Establishing a “Boar’s Head Food Safety Council” comprised of independent industry-leading food safety experts. Founding members of the Council will include Dr. David Acheson, Dr. Mindy Brashears, Dr. Martin Wiedmann, and Frank Yiannas, MPH. Some of these individuals have been assisting with the investigation of the problems in the Jarratt facility.
  • Creation of an enhanced companywide food safety and QA program, to be led by the Chief Food Safety Officer.

The evidence of unsanitary conditions at the Jarratt location was well documented during the course of a Food Safety Assessment conducted by the FSIS in October 2022.

Yet, the company was allowed to continue production.

The FSIS owes an explanation and an apology to the general public over its failure to act in the face of egregious sanitation and food-safety lapses on the part of the company.

Boar’s Head has apologized to consumers. When will the FSIS do likewise?


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“Reads like a true crime novel” – Food Safety News

Interested in learning more about food safety and the history of foodborne disease outbreaks and investigations?

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Chapter 6. Birth of a Pathogen

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USDA Secretary Vilsack touts “…significant steps toward keeping American consumers safe from foodborne illness.”

Just over one year ago, eFoodAlert reported on the USDA proposal to limit Salmonella to one live cell per gram in breaded, stuffed raw chicken products.

In our post, we called the proposal a “baby step” and a “recipe for disaster“.

Last week, the agency finalized the proposed policy and released an advance copy of the Final Rule.

In our opinion, the limit of one Salmonella per gram makes no more sense today than it did one year ago.

It is well past time for the USDA to face down the poultry lobby and place its emphasis on protecting the health and safety of the public whose tax dollars fund its programs.


TAINTED formats 3
“Reads like a true crime novel” – Food Safety News

Interested in learning more about food safety and the history of foodborne disease outbreaks and investigations?

Click on the link to listen to a short excerpt, then follow the buy links to add a digital, print or audio copy to your personal library.

TAINTED is available in digital format from all major on-line retailers. Press the button to go directly to your preferred digital bookstore.